WORLD Policy Analysis Center

Are employers required to take steps to prevent workplace discrimination on the basis of paternal status?

The term “paternal status” includes gender-neutral references to caregiving (“parenthood’, ‘having children’, workers with ‘family responsibilities’), and gender-specific references to ‘fatherhood’, or ‘paternity’. For the purposes of this variable, the term “paternal status” captures all of these definitions, but it does not capture job protections that narrowly apply to fathers’ leave-taking.

No prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status indicates that legislation does not specifically prohibit paternal status-based workplace discrimination broadly, nor specifically against discrimination in hiring, promotions and/or demotions, training, pay, nor terminations. This does not mean that legislation denies this guarantee.

No explicit requirements means that legislation does explicitly prohibit at least one of these forms of paternal status-based workplace discrimination, but it does not at the same time pair this prohibition with an explicit requirement that employers actively prevent it.

General requirement, but no specific measures means that employers are generally required to prevent paternal status-based workplace discrimination, but there are no specific descriptions of the form that this prevention should take.

Employers required to take one or more measures means that employers are explicitly required to take at least one concrete preventive action against paternal status-based workplace discrimination, such as, for example, providing training to employees, developing a code of conduct, or raising awareness of existing legislation.

Countries

Afghanistan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Algeria - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Andorra - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Angola - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Antigua and Barbuda - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Azerbaijan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Bahamas - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Bangladesh - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Belarus - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Benin - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Bhutan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Bolivia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Botswana - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Brunei - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Burundi - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Cameroon - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Central African Republic - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Chad - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Chile - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

China - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Colombia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Republic of the Congo - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Costa Rica - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Cote d'Ivoire - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Cuba - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Dominica - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Ecuador - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

El Salvador - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Equatorial Guinea - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Gabon - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

The Gambia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Georgia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Germany - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Ghana - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Greenland - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Guatemala - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Guinea-Bissau - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Haiti - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Iceland - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

India - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Indonesia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Iran - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Iraq - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Jamaica - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Japan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Jordan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Kazakhstan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Kenya - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Democratic People's Republic of Korea - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Republic of Korea - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Kuwait - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Laos - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Lebanon - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Libya - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Madagascar - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Malaysia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Mali - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Marshall Islands - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Mauritania - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Micronesia, Federated States of - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Monaco - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Mozambique - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Myanmar - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Nauru - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Nepal - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

The Netherlands - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Nicaragua - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Niger - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Nigeria - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Oman - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Pakistan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Palau - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Panama - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Papua New Guinea - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Paraguay - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

The Philippines - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Poland - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Qatar - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Rwanda - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

San Marino - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Saudi Arabia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Senegal - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Seychelles - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Sierra Leone - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Singapore - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Solomon Islands - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Somalia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Sri Lanka - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

St. Vincent and the Grenadines - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Sudan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Suriname - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Sweden - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Tajikistan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Thailand - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Timor-Leste - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Tonga - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Trinidad and Tobago - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Tunisia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Turkmenistan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Uganda - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

United Arab Emirates - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

United Kingdom - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

United States of America - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Uruguay - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Vanuatu - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Venezuela - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Yemen - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Zimbabwe - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on paternal status

Argentina - No explicit requirements

Armenia - No explicit requirements

Australia - No explicit requirements

Austria - No explicit requirements

Bahrain - No explicit requirements

Belgium - No explicit requirements

Belize - No explicit requirements

Brazil - No explicit requirements

Burkina Faso - No explicit requirements

Cambodia - No explicit requirements

Canada - No explicit requirements

Cabo Verde - No explicit requirements

Comoros - No explicit requirements

Democratic Republic of the Congo - No explicit requirements

Denmark - No explicit requirements

Djibouti - No explicit requirements

Dominican Republic - No explicit requirements

Egypt - No explicit requirements

Eritrea - No explicit requirements

Ethiopia - No explicit requirements

Fiji - No explicit requirements

Grenada - No explicit requirements

Guinea - No explicit requirements

Guyana - No explicit requirements

Honduras - No explicit requirements

Hungary - No explicit requirements

Ireland - No explicit requirements

Israel - No explicit requirements

Italy - No explicit requirements

Kiribati - No explicit requirements

Kyrgyzstan - No explicit requirements

Latvia - No explicit requirements

Lesotho - No explicit requirements

Liberia - No explicit requirements

Liechtenstein - No explicit requirements

Luxembourg - No explicit requirements

North Macedonia - No explicit requirements

Malawi - No explicit requirements

Maldives - No explicit requirements

Malta - No explicit requirements

Mexico - No explicit requirements

Montenegro - No explicit requirements

Morocco - No explicit requirements

Namibia - No explicit requirements

New Zealand - No explicit requirements

Peru - No explicit requirements

Portugal - No explicit requirements

Russian Federation - No explicit requirements

Samoa - No explicit requirements

Sao Tome and Principe - No explicit requirements

South Sudan - No explicit requirements

St. Kitts and Nevis - No explicit requirements

St. Lucia - No explicit requirements

Eswatini - No explicit requirements

Switzerland - No explicit requirements

Syria - No explicit requirements

Türkiye - No explicit requirements

Tuvalu - No explicit requirements

Ukraine - No explicit requirements

Bosnia and Herzegovina - General requirement, but no specific measures

Czech Republic - General requirement, but no specific measures

Norway - General requirement, but no specific measures

Slovakia - General requirement, but no specific measures

Togo - General requirement, but no specific measures

Albania - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

Barbados - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

Bulgaria - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

Croatia - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

Cyprus - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

Estonia - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

Finland - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

France - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

Greece - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

Lithuania - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

Mauritius - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

Moldova - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

Mongolia - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

Romania - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

Serbia - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

Slovenia - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

South Africa - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

Spain - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

Tanzania - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

Uzbekistan - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

Vietnam - Employers required to take one or more specific measures

Zambia - Employers required to take one or more specific measures