WORLD Policy Analysis Center

Does legislation explicitly prohibit discrimination in hiring or recruitment on the basis of political affiliation?

The term “political affiliation” includes references to ‘political beliefs,’ ‘political convictions,’ or ‘political party affiliation.’ For the purposes of this variable, the term “political affiliation” captures all of these definitions.

Hiring or recruitment includes explicit legislative prohibitions against discrimination during pre-employment, or the hiring or recruitment process.

No prohibition means that legislation does not take an explicit approach to prohibiting discrimination in hiring or recruitment on the basis of political affiliation. This does not mean that legislation denies this guarantee.

General prohibition of discrimination in hiring or recruitment means that legislation prohibits discrimination in hiring or recruitment generally— for example, by prohibiting discrimination based on “any status” or stating no worker may be discriminated against. This general prohibition is not specifically extended on the basis of political affiliation.

Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation means that legislation extends a prohibition of discrimination at the workplace on the basis of political affiliation, but does not explicitly address discrimination in hiring nor recruitment on this basis. These broad prohibitions use language that could extend prohibition of discrimination across any aspect of work.

Yes, political affiliation-based prohibition means that legislation either: a) extends an explicit political affiliation-based prohibition of discrimination in hiring or recruitment, or b) extends a broad prohibition of political affiliation-based workplace discrimination alongside a general prohibition of discrimination in hiring or recruitment to all workers

Countries

Austria - No prohibition

Bahrain - No prohibition

Bangladesh - No prohibition

Botswana - No prohibition

Brunei - No prohibition

Cameroon - No prohibition

Canada - No prohibition

Democratic Republic of the Congo - No prohibition

Republic of the Congo - No prohibition

Cuba - No prohibition

Dominica - No prohibition

Ecuador - No prohibition

Egypt - No prohibition

Estonia - No prohibition

The Gambia - No prohibition

Greece - No prohibition

Greenland - No prohibition

Haiti - No prohibition

Honduras - No prohibition

Iceland - No prohibition

India - No prohibition

Iran - No prohibition

Ireland - No prohibition

Jamaica - No prohibition

Japan - No prohibition

Jordan - No prohibition

Democratic People's Republic of Korea - No prohibition

Republic of Korea - No prohibition

Kuwait - No prohibition

Laos - No prohibition

Lebanon - No prohibition

Liechtenstein - No prohibition

Malaysia - No prohibition

Marshall Islands - No prohibition

Micronesia, Federated States of - No prohibition

Monaco - No prohibition

Myanmar - No prohibition

Nauru - No prohibition

Nepal - No prohibition

Nigeria - No prohibition

Oman - No prohibition

Pakistan - No prohibition

Palau - No prohibition

Papua New Guinea - No prohibition

The Philippines - No prohibition

Qatar - No prohibition

Rwanda - No prohibition

San Marino - No prohibition

Senegal - No prohibition

Sierra Leone - No prohibition

Singapore - No prohibition

Solomon Islands - No prohibition

Sri Lanka - No prohibition

St. Kitts and Nevis - No prohibition

St. Vincent and the Grenadines - No prohibition

Sudan - No prohibition

Sweden - No prohibition

Switzerland - No prohibition

Thailand - No prohibition

Tonga - No prohibition

Trinidad and Tobago - No prohibition

Tunisia - No prohibition

United Kingdom - No prohibition

United States of America - No prohibition

Uruguay - No prohibition

Vanuatu - No prohibition

Vietnam - No prohibition

Yemen - No prohibition

Afghanistan - General prohibition of discrimination in hiring or recruitment

Brazil - General prohibition of discrimination in hiring or recruitment

China - General prohibition of discrimination in hiring or recruitment

Kazakhstan - General prohibition of discrimination in hiring or recruitment

Libya - General prohibition of discrimination in hiring or recruitment

Peru - General prohibition of discrimination in hiring or recruitment

Russian Federation - General prohibition of discrimination in hiring or recruitment

Saudi Arabia - General prohibition of discrimination in hiring or recruitment

Slovenia - General prohibition of discrimination in hiring or recruitment

United Arab Emirates - General prohibition of discrimination in hiring or recruitment

Uzbekistan - General prohibition of discrimination in hiring or recruitment

Algeria - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

Argentina - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

Belize - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

Central African Republic - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

Chile - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

Colombia - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

El Salvador - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

Eritrea - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

Ethiopia - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

Gabon - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

Germany - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

Guinea-Bissau - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

Kyrgyzstan - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

Mozambique - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

Nicaragua - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

Panama - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

Paraguay - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

Somalia - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

Suriname - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

Eswatini - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

Uganda - Broad prohibition of workplace discrimination based on political affiliation

Albania - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Andorra - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Angola - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Antigua and Barbuda - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Armenia - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Australia - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Azerbaijan - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Bahamas - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Barbados - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Belarus - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Belgium - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Benin - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Bhutan - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Bolivia - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Bosnia and Herzegovina - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Bulgaria - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Burkina Faso - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Burundi - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Cambodia - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Cabo Verde - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Chad - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Comoros - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Costa Rica - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Cote d'Ivoire - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Croatia - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Cyprus - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Czech Republic - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Denmark - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Djibouti - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Dominican Republic - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Equatorial Guinea - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Fiji - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Finland - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

France - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Georgia - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Ghana - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Grenada - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Guatemala - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Guinea - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Guyana - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Hungary - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Indonesia - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Iraq - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Israel - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Italy - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Kenya - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Kiribati - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Latvia - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Lesotho - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Liberia - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Lithuania - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Luxembourg - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

North Macedonia - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Madagascar - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Malawi - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Maldives - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Mali - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Malta - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Mauritania - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Mauritius - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Mexico - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Moldova - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Mongolia - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Montenegro - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Morocco - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Namibia - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

The Netherlands - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

New Zealand - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Niger - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Norway - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Poland - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Portugal - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Romania - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Samoa - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Sao Tome and Principe - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Serbia - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Seychelles - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Slovakia - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

South Africa - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

South Sudan - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Spain - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

St. Lucia - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Syria - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Tajikistan - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Tanzania - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Timor-Leste - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Togo - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Türkiye - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Turkmenistan - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Tuvalu - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Ukraine - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Venezuela - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Zambia - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition

Zimbabwe - Yes, political affiliation-specific prohibition