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Does the constitution explicitly guarantee equality or non-discrimination across foreign national origin?
Explicit guarantees of equality or non-discrimination across foreign national origin include prohibitions of discrimination against any particular foreign national origin, and guarantees of equal rights, guarantees of equality before the law, and guarantees of overall equality for foreign national origin in a country.
No specific provision
means that the constitution does not explicitly mention the right to equality or non-discrimination based on foreign national origin for all citizens. This does not mean that the constitution denies this right, but that it does not explicitly include it.
Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
means the right to equality and/or non-discrimination is guaranteed for all citizens, but not specifically on the basis of foreign national origin.
Aspirational
provision
means that the constitution protects the general right to equality and/or non-discrimination based on foreign national origin but does not use language strong enough to be considered a guarantee. For example, constitutions in this category might state that the country aims to protect or promote equality based on foreign national origin.
Guaranteed
right
means that the constitution protects the right to equality and/or non-discrimination based on foreign national origin in authoritative language. For example, constitutions in this category might guarantee citizens’ right to equality based on foreign national origin or make it the State’s responsibility to ensure this right.
Countries
Australia
- No specific provision
Brunei
- No specific provision
Denmark
- No specific provision
Greenland
- No specific provision
Israel
- No specific provision
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
- No specific provision
Nauru
- No specific provision
Panama
- No specific provision
Saudi Arabia
- No specific provision
Afghanistan
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Algeria
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Argentina
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Armenia
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Austria
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Belarus
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Belgium
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Bhutan
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Burkina Faso
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Cambodia
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Chile
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Comoros
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Costa Rica
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Cote d'Ivoire
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Dominican Republic
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
El Salvador
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Equatorial Guinea
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Eritrea
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Greece
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Guinea-Bissau
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Haiti
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Honduras
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Indonesia
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Iran
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Ireland
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Italy
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Jordan
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Kenya
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Republic of Korea
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Laos
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Latvia
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Lebanon
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Libya
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Liechtenstein
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Luxembourg
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Malawi
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Mali
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Monaco
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Mongolia
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Morocco
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Myanmar
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Namibia
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
The Netherlands
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Niger
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Norway
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Pakistan
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Paraguay
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
The Philippines
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Poland
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
San Marino
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Sao Tome and Principe
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Seychelles
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Somalia
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
South Africa
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
South Sudan
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Spain
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Suriname
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Tajikistan
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Timor-Leste
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Tonga
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Tunisia
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Türkiye
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Uganda
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Ukraine
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
United States of America
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Uruguay
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Venezuela
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Yemen
- Equality guaranteed, not specific to foreign national origin
Montenegro
- Aspirational provision
Sudan
- Aspirational provision
Sweden
- Aspirational provision
Albania
- Guaranteed right
Andorra
- Guaranteed right
Angola
- Guaranteed right
Antigua and Barbuda
- Guaranteed right
Azerbaijan
- Guaranteed right
Bahamas
- Guaranteed right
Bahrain
- Guaranteed right
Bangladesh
- Guaranteed right
Barbados
- Guaranteed right
Belize
- Guaranteed right
Benin
- Guaranteed right
Bolivia
- Guaranteed right
Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Guaranteed right
Botswana
- Guaranteed right
Brazil
- Guaranteed right
Bulgaria
- Guaranteed right
Burundi
- Guaranteed right
Cameroon
- Guaranteed right
Canada
- Guaranteed right
Cabo Verde
- Guaranteed right
Central African Republic
- Guaranteed right
Chad
- Guaranteed right
China
- Guaranteed right
Colombia
- Guaranteed right
Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Guaranteed right
Republic of the Congo
- Guaranteed right
Croatia
- Guaranteed right
Cuba
- Guaranteed right
Cyprus
- Guaranteed right
Czech Republic
- Guaranteed right
Djibouti
- Guaranteed right
Dominica
- Guaranteed right
Ecuador
- Guaranteed right
Egypt
- Guaranteed right
Estonia
- Guaranteed right
Ethiopia
- Guaranteed right
Fiji
- Guaranteed right
Finland
- Guaranteed right
France
- Guaranteed right
Gabon
- Guaranteed right
The Gambia
- Guaranteed right
Georgia
- Guaranteed right
Germany
- Guaranteed right
Ghana
- Guaranteed right
Grenada
- Guaranteed right
Guatemala
- Guaranteed right
Guinea
- Guaranteed right
Guyana
- Guaranteed right
Hungary
- Guaranteed right
Iceland
- Guaranteed right
India
- Guaranteed right
Iraq
- Guaranteed right
Jamaica
- Guaranteed right
Japan
- Guaranteed right
Kazakhstan
- Guaranteed right
Kiribati
- Guaranteed right
Kuwait
- Guaranteed right
Kyrgyzstan
- Guaranteed right
Lesotho
- Guaranteed right
Liberia
- Guaranteed right
Lithuania
- Guaranteed right
North Macedonia
- Guaranteed right
Madagascar
- Guaranteed right
Malaysia
- Guaranteed right
Maldives
- Guaranteed right
Malta
- Guaranteed right
Marshall Islands
- Guaranteed right
Mauritania
- Guaranteed right
Mauritius
- Guaranteed right
Mexico
- Guaranteed right
Micronesia, Federated States of
- Guaranteed right
Moldova
- Guaranteed right
Mozambique
- Guaranteed right
Nepal
- Guaranteed right
New Zealand
- Guaranteed right
Nicaragua
- Guaranteed right
Nigeria
- Guaranteed right
Oman
- Guaranteed right
Palau
- Guaranteed right
Papua New Guinea
- Guaranteed right
Peru
- Guaranteed right
Portugal
- Guaranteed right
Qatar
- Guaranteed right
Romania
- Guaranteed right
Russian Federation
- Guaranteed right
Rwanda
- Guaranteed right
Samoa
- Guaranteed right
Senegal
- Guaranteed right
Serbia
- Guaranteed right
Sierra Leone
- Guaranteed right
Singapore
- Guaranteed right
Slovakia
- Guaranteed right
Slovenia
- Guaranteed right
Solomon Islands
- Guaranteed right
Sri Lanka
- Guaranteed right
St. Kitts and Nevis
- Guaranteed right
St. Lucia
- Guaranteed right
St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- Guaranteed right
Eswatini
- Guaranteed right
Switzerland
- Guaranteed right
Syria
- Guaranteed right
Tanzania
- Guaranteed right
Thailand
- Guaranteed right
Togo
- Guaranteed right
Trinidad and Tobago
- Guaranteed right
Turkmenistan
- Guaranteed right
Tuvalu
- Guaranteed right
United Arab Emirates
- Guaranteed right
United Kingdom
- Guaranteed right
Uzbekistan
- Guaranteed right
Vanuatu
- Guaranteed right
Vietnam
- Guaranteed right
Zambia
- Guaranteed right
Zimbabwe
- Guaranteed right
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