WORLD Policy Analysis Center

Does the constitution explicitly protect freedom to not believe in religion?

Protection of freedom to not believe in religion includes the right to freedom to not believe, the right to not disclose religious belief, and the right to not manifest religion or belief.

Freedom of religion denied to at least some religions means that the constitution limits freedom of religion for at least some religious groups.

No specific provision or only freedom of religion means that the constitution does not explicitly mention the right to freedom to not believe. This does not mean that the constitution denies this right, but that it does not explicitly include it. The constitution may still protect freedom of religion.

Guaranteed, but strong state religion means that the constitution protects the freedom to not believe in authoritative language, but also establishes a state religion with jurisdictional control over public and/or private life.

Guaranteed, but state affiliated with specific religion means that the constitution protects the freedom to not believe in authoritative language, but also establishes a state religion with no jurisdictional control or creates a special relationship between a specific religion and the state.

Guaranteed and no state religion that the constitutions protects the freedom to not believe in authoritative language and also establishes a separation between religion and state or does not explicitly address the relationship between religion and state.

Countries

Egypt - Freedom of religion denied to at least some religions

Iran - Freedom of religion denied to at least some religions

Liechtenstein - Freedom of religion denied to at least some religions

Malaysia - Freedom of religion denied to at least some religions

Somalia - Freedom of religion denied to at least some religions

Afghanistan - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Algeria - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Antigua and Barbuda - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Argentina - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Armenia - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Bahamas - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Bahrain - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Bangladesh - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Barbados - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Belize - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Benin - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Bhutan - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Bolivia - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Bosnia and Herzegovina - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Botswana - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Brazil - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Brunei - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Burundi - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Cambodia - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Cameroon - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Canada - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Central African Republic - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Chad - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Chile - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Comoros - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Democratic Republic of the Congo - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Republic of the Congo - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Costa Rica - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Cote d'Ivoire - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Croatia - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Cyprus - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Denmark - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Djibouti - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Dominica - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Dominican Republic - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

El Salvador - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Equatorial Guinea - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Eritrea - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Estonia - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Ethiopia - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Fiji - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

France - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Gabon - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

The Gambia - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Germany - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Ghana - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Greece - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Greenland - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Grenada - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Guatemala - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Guinea - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Guinea-Bissau - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Guyana - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Haiti - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Honduras - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Iceland - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

India - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Indonesia - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Iraq - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Ireland - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Israel - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Italy - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Jamaica - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Jordan - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Kenya - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Kiribati - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Democratic People's Republic of Korea - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Republic of Korea - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Kuwait - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Latvia - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Lebanon - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Lesotho - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Liberia - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Libya - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

North Macedonia - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Madagascar - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Malawi - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Maldives - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Mali - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Malta - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Marshall Islands - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Mauritania - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Mauritius - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Mexico - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Micronesia, Federated States of - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Moldova - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Mongolia - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Morocco - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Myanmar - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Namibia - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Nauru - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Nepal - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

The Netherlands - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

New Zealand - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Niger - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Nigeria - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Norway - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Oman - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Pakistan - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Palau - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Panama - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Paraguay - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

The Philippines - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Qatar - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Romania - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Rwanda - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Samoa - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

San Marino - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Saudi Arabia - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Senegal - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Seychelles - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Sierra Leone - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Singapore - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Solomon Islands - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

South Africa - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

South Sudan - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Sri Lanka - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

St. Kitts and Nevis - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

St. Lucia - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

St. Vincent and the Grenadines - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Suriname - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Eswatini - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Syria - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Tanzania - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Thailand - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Timor-Leste - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Togo - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Tonga - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Trinidad and Tobago - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Tunisia - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Uganda - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

United Arab Emirates - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

United Kingdom - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

United States of America - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Uruguay - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Vanuatu - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Venezuela - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Yemen - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Zambia - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Zimbabwe - No specific provision or only freedom of religion

Sudan - Guaranteed, but strong state religion

Andorra - Guaranteed, but state affiliated with specific religion

Belarus - Guaranteed, but state affiliated with specific religion

Georgia - Guaranteed, but state affiliated with specific religion

Luxembourg - Guaranteed, but state affiliated with specific religion

Monaco - Guaranteed, but state affiliated with specific religion

Papua New Guinea - Guaranteed, but state affiliated with specific religion

Peru - Guaranteed, but state affiliated with specific religion

Tuvalu - Guaranteed, but state affiliated with specific religion

Albania - Guaranteed and no state religion

Angola - Guaranteed and no state religion

Australia - Guaranteed and no state religion

Austria - Guaranteed and no state religion

Azerbaijan - Guaranteed and no state religion

Belgium - Guaranteed and no state religion

Bulgaria - Guaranteed and no state religion

Burkina Faso - Guaranteed and no state religion

Cabo Verde - Guaranteed and no state religion

China - Guaranteed and no state religion

Colombia - Guaranteed and no state religion

Cuba - Guaranteed and no state religion

Czech Republic - Guaranteed and no state religion

Ecuador - Guaranteed and no state religion

Finland - Guaranteed and no state religion

Hungary - Guaranteed and no state religion

Japan - Guaranteed and no state religion

Kazakhstan - Guaranteed and no state religion

Kyrgyzstan - Guaranteed and no state religion

Laos - Guaranteed and no state religion

Lithuania - Guaranteed and no state religion

Montenegro - Guaranteed and no state religion

Mozambique - Guaranteed and no state religion

Nicaragua - Guaranteed and no state religion

Poland - Guaranteed and no state religion

Portugal - Guaranteed and no state religion

Russian Federation - Guaranteed and no state religion

Sao Tome and Principe - Guaranteed and no state religion

Serbia - Guaranteed and no state religion

Slovakia - Guaranteed and no state religion

Slovenia - Guaranteed and no state religion

Spain - Guaranteed and no state religion

Sweden - Guaranteed and no state religion

Switzerland - Guaranteed and no state religion

Tajikistan - Guaranteed and no state religion

Türkiye - Guaranteed and no state religion

Turkmenistan - Guaranteed and no state religion

Ukraine - Guaranteed and no state religion

Uzbekistan - Guaranteed and no state religion

Vietnam - Guaranteed and no state religion