WORLD Policy Analysis Center

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Is retaliation prohibited for participating in workplace investigations of discrimination on the basis of foreign national origin?

The term “foreign national origin” includes references to ‘ancestry’, ‘citizenship or origin of parents’, ‘country or place of birth’, ‘homeland’, ‘national descent’, or ‘national origin’. For the purposes of this variable, the term “foreign national origin” captures all of these definitions.

No prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national originindicates that legislation does not specifically prohibit foreign national origin-based workplace discrimination broadly, nor specifically against discrimination in hiring, promotions and/or demotions, training, pay, nor terminations. This does not mean that legislation denies this guarantee.

No prohibition of retaliation means that country legislation does explicitly prohibit at least one of these forms of foreign national origin-based workplace discrimination, but it does not at the same time pair this prohibition with an explicit prohibition of retaliatory action or dismissal for reporting workplace discrimination.

Only for individuals who report means that there is some prohibition of foreign national origin-based workplace discrimination and retaliation is prohibited against individuals who report discrimination at work and/or file a discrimination claim to an independent body, but not against other employees who might participate in an investigation.

Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation means that legislation both explicitly prohibits foreign national origin-based workplace discrimination and prohibits at least some form of retaliatory action for workers participating in the investigation, such as by providing testimony.

Coverage not specified means legislation both explicitly prohibits foreign national origin-based workplace discrimination and prohibits retaliation, but does not clearly specify who is covered by prohibitions of retaliation.

Countries

Albania - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Antigua and Barbuda - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Austria - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Bahamas - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Bahrain - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Bangladesh - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Belize - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Benin - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Bhutan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Brunei - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Bulgaria - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Burundi - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Cambodia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Cameroon - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Canada - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Central African Republic - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Chad - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

China - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Democratic Republic of the Congo - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Czech Republic - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Egypt - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Equatorial Guinea - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Eritrea - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Estonia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Ethiopia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Germany - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Ghana - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Greenland - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Guatemala - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Haiti - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Iceland - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

India - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Indonesia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Iran - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Iraq - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Italy - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Jamaica - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Japan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Jordan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Kazakhstan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Democratic People's Republic of Korea - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Kuwait - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Kyrgyzstan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Laos - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Lebanon - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Libya - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Liechtenstein - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Lithuania - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Malawi - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Malaysia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Maldives - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Malta - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Marshall Islands - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Micronesia, Federated States of - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Monaco - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Mongolia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Myanmar - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Nauru - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Nepal - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

The Netherlands - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Nicaragua - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Nigeria - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Oman - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Pakistan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Palau - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Panama - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Papua New Guinea - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Paraguay - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

The Philippines - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Poland - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Qatar - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Romania - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Russian Federation - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

San Marino - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Saudi Arabia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Seychelles - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Singapore - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Solomon Islands - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

South Africa - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Sri Lanka - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

St. Vincent and the Grenadines - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Sudan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Switzerland - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Thailand - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Timor-Leste - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Tonga - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Tunisia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Türkiye - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Turkmenistan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Uruguay - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Uzbekistan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Vanuatu - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Venezuela - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Vietnam - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Yemen - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Angola - No prohibition of retaliation

Argentina - No prohibition of retaliation

Azerbaijan - No prohibition of retaliation

Belarus - No prohibition of retaliation

Brazil - No prohibition of retaliation

Cabo Verde - No prohibition of retaliation

Dominican Republic - No prohibition of retaliation

Ecuador - No prohibition of retaliation

El Salvador - No prohibition of retaliation

Finland - No prohibition of retaliation

Guinea - No prohibition of retaliation

Honduras - No prohibition of retaliation

Republic of Korea - No prohibition of retaliation

Madagascar - No prohibition of retaliation

Mali - No prohibition of retaliation

Mauritania - No prohibition of retaliation

Mexico - No prohibition of retaliation

Moldova - No prohibition of retaliation

Mozambique - No prohibition of retaliation

Peru - No prohibition of retaliation

Rwanda - No prohibition of retaliation

Samoa - No prohibition of retaliation

Somalia - No prohibition of retaliation

Spain - No prohibition of retaliation

Togo - No prohibition of retaliation

Armenia - Only individuals who report

Burkina Faso - Only individuals who report

Costa Rica - Only individuals who report

Cuba - Only individuals who report

Denmark - Only individuals who report

Djibouti - Only individuals who report

Gabon - Only individuals who report

Greece - Only individuals who report

Guinea-Bissau - Only individuals who report

Kenya - Only individuals who report

Latvia - Only individuals who report

Liberia - Only individuals who report

Sao Tome and Principe - Only individuals who report

Tanzania - Only individuals who report

United Arab Emirates - Only individuals who report

Zimbabwe - Only individuals who report

Algeria - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Andorra - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Australia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Barbados - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Belgium - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Bolivia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Bosnia and Herzegovina - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Botswana - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Chile - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Colombia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Comoros - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Republic of the Congo - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Cote d'Ivoire - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Croatia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Cyprus - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Dominica - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Fiji - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

France - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

The Gambia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Georgia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Grenada - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Guyana - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Hungary - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Ireland - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Israel - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Kiribati - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Lesotho - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Luxembourg - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

North Macedonia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Mauritius - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Montenegro - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Morocco - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Namibia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

New Zealand - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Niger - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Norway - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Portugal - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Senegal - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Serbia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Sierra Leone - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Slovakia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Slovenia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

South Sudan - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

St. Kitts and Nevis - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

St. Lucia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Suriname - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Eswatini - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Sweden - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Syria - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Tajikistan - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Trinidad and Tobago - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Tuvalu - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Uganda - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Ukraine - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

United Kingdom - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

United States of America - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Zambia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation