WORLD Policy Analysis Center

Is retaliation prohibited for participating in workplace investigations of discrimination on the basis of social class?

The term “social class” encompasses a diversity of terminology used across countries, and includes references to ‘caste’, ‘social background’, ‘economic standing’, ‘economic status’, ‘social condition’, ‘social origin’, ‘socioeconomic status’, ‘disadvantaged’, ‘property status, ‘education’, and others. For the purposes of this variable, the term “social class” captures all of these definitions.

No prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class indicates that legislation does not specifically prohibit social class-based workplace discrimination broadly, nor specifically against discrimination in hiring, promotions and/or demotions, training, pay, nor terminations. This does not mean that legislation denies this guarantee.

No prohibition of retaliation means that country legislation does explicitly prohibit at least one of these forms of social class-based workplace discrimination, but it does not at the same time pair this prohibition with an explicit prohibition of retaliatory action or dismissal for reporting workplace discrimination.

Only for individuals who report means that there is some prohibition of social class-based workplace discrimination and retaliation is prohibited against individuals who report discrimination at work and/or file a discrimination claim to an independent body, but not against other employees who might participate in an investigation.

Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation means that legislation both explicitly prohibits social class-based workplace discrimination and prohibits at least some form of retaliatory action for workers participating in the investigation, such as by providing testimony.

Coverage not specified means legislation both explicitly prohibits social class-based workplace discrimination and prohibits retaliation, but does not clearly specify who is covered by prohibitions of retaliation.

Countries

Andorra - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Antigua and Barbuda - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Austria - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Bahamas - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Bahrain - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Bangladesh - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Brazil - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Brunei - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Canada - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Central African Republic - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Chad - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

China - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Cuba - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Estonia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Germany - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Greenland - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Haiti - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Iceland - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

India - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Indonesia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Iran - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Ireland - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Israel - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Italy - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Jamaica - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Jordan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Democratic People's Republic of Korea - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Kuwait - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Laos - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Lebanon - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Liechtenstein - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Luxembourg - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Malaysia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Malta - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Marshall Islands - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Micronesia, Federated States of - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Monaco - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Myanmar - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Nauru - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

The Netherlands - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Nigeria - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Norway - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Oman - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Pakistan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Palau - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Papua New Guinea - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

The Philippines - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Poland - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Qatar - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

San Marino - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Saudi Arabia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Seychelles - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Singapore - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Solomon Islands - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

South Sudan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

St. Kitts and Nevis - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Sudan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Sweden - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Switzerland - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Thailand - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Tonga - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Trinidad and Tobago - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Tunisia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

United Kingdom - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

United States of America - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Uruguay - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Vanuatu - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Yemen - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Zimbabwe - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on social class

Algeria - No prohibition of retaliation

Angola - No prohibition of retaliation

Argentina - No prohibition of retaliation

Azerbaijan - No prohibition of retaliation

Belarus - No prohibition of retaliation

Benin - No prohibition of retaliation

Cambodia - No prohibition of retaliation

Cameroon - No prohibition of retaliation

Cabo Verde - No prohibition of retaliation

Democratic Republic of the Congo - No prohibition of retaliation

Djibouti - No prohibition of retaliation

Dominican Republic - No prohibition of retaliation

Ecuador - No prohibition of retaliation

El Salvador - No prohibition of retaliation

Finland - No prohibition of retaliation

Guinea - No prohibition of retaliation

Honduras - No prohibition of retaliation

Kyrgyzstan - No prohibition of retaliation

Madagascar - No prohibition of retaliation

Mali - No prohibition of retaliation

Mauritania - No prohibition of retaliation

Mexico - No prohibition of retaliation

Mongolia - No prohibition of retaliation

Mozambique - No prohibition of retaliation

Nepal - No prohibition of retaliation

Paraguay - No prohibition of retaliation

Peru - No prohibition of retaliation

Russian Federation - No prohibition of retaliation

Rwanda - No prohibition of retaliation

Samoa - No prohibition of retaliation

Somalia - No prohibition of retaliation

Sri Lanka - No prohibition of retaliation

Togo - No prohibition of retaliation

Turkmenistan - No prohibition of retaliation

Uzbekistan - No prohibition of retaliation

Venezuela - No prohibition of retaliation

Vietnam - No prohibition of retaliation

Albania - Only individuals who report

Armenia - Only individuals who report

Burkina Faso - Only individuals who report

Costa Rica - Only individuals who report

Denmark - Only individuals who report

Equatorial Guinea - Only individuals who report

Gabon - Only individuals who report

Greece - Only individuals who report

Guatemala - Only individuals who report

Guinea-Bissau - Only individuals who report

Iraq - Only individuals who report

Kazakhstan - Only individuals who report

Kenya - Only individuals who report

Republic of Korea - Only individuals who report

Latvia - Only individuals who report

Liberia - Only individuals who report

Libya - Only individuals who report

Moldova - Only individuals who report

Namibia - Only individuals who report

Nicaragua - Only individuals who report

Panama - Only individuals who report

Romania - Only individuals who report

Sao Tome and Principe - Only individuals who report

Tanzania - Only individuals who report

United Arab Emirates - Only individuals who report

Australia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Barbados - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Belgium - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Belize - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Bhutan - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Bolivia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Bosnia and Herzegovina - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Botswana - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Bulgaria - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Burundi - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Chile - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Colombia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Comoros - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Republic of the Congo - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Cote d'Ivoire - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Croatia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Cyprus - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Dominica - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Egypt - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Eritrea - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Fiji - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

France - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

The Gambia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Georgia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Ghana - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Grenada - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Guyana - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Hungary - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Japan - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Kiribati - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Lesotho - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Lithuania - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

North Macedonia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Malawi - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Maldives - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Mauritius - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Montenegro - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Morocco - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

New Zealand - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Niger - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Portugal - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Senegal - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Serbia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Sierra Leone - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Slovakia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Slovenia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

South Africa - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Spain - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

St. Lucia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

St. Vincent and the Grenadines - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Suriname - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Eswatini - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Syria - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Tajikistan - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Timor-Leste - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Türkiye - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Tuvalu - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Uganda - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Ukraine - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Zambia - Explicit coverage for workers participating in investigation

Czech Republic - Coverage not specified

Ethiopia - Coverage not specified