WORLD Policy Analysis Center

Is there at least some prohibition of discrimination at work based on social class and gender?

The term “social class” encompasses a diversity of terminology used across countries, and includes references to ‘caste’, ‘social background’, ‘economic standing’, ‘economic status’, ‘social condition’, ‘social origin’, ‘socioeconomic status’, ‘disadvantaged’, ‘property status, ‘education’, and others. For the purposes of this variable, the term “social class” captures all of these definitions

The term ‘gender’ refers to country references to ‘gender’ or ‘sex’ or specific protections for ‘female’ or ‘women’ employees.

No explicit protection means that country legislation does not explicitly prohibit workplace discrimination on the basis of social class nor gender broadly, nor specifically against discrimination in hiring, pay, promotions and/or demotions, training, nor terminations.

Prohibition based on social class or gender means that country legislation does explicitly prohibit at least one of these forms of workplace discrimination on the basis of either social class or gender (but not both characteristics).

Prohibition based on social class and gender means that country legislation does explicitly prohibit at least one of these forms of workplace discrimination on the basis of both social class and gender, or prohibits discrimination against women who are marginalized based on social class.

Countries

Afghanistan - No explicit prohibition

Brunei - No explicit prohibition

Malaysia - No explicit prohibition

Micronesia, Federated States of - No explicit prohibition

Myanmar - No explicit prohibition

Nauru - No explicit prohibition

Nigeria - No explicit prohibition

Palau - No explicit prohibition

Sierra Leone - No explicit prohibition

Singapore - No explicit prohibition

Solomon Islands - No explicit prohibition

Sri Lanka - No explicit prohibition

Sudan - No explicit prohibition

Tonga - No explicit prohibition

Andorra - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Antigua and Barbuda - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Austria - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Bahamas - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Bahrain - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Bangladesh - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Bolivia - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Brazil - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Canada - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Central African Republic - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Chad - Prohibition based on gender or social class

China - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Cuba - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Germany - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Greenland - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Guinea-Bissau - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Haiti - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Iceland - Prohibition based on gender or social class

India - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Indonesia - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Iran - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Ireland - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Israel - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Italy - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Jamaica - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Jordan - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Democratic People's Republic of Korea - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Kuwait - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Lebanon - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Liechtenstein - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Luxembourg - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Malta - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Marshall Islands - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Monaco - Prohibition based on gender or social class

The Netherlands - Prohibition based on gender or social class

New Zealand - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Norway - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Oman - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Pakistan - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Papua New Guinea - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Poland - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Qatar - Prohibition based on gender or social class

San Marino - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Saudi Arabia - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Seychelles - Prohibition based on gender or social class

South Sudan - Prohibition based on gender or social class

St. Kitts and Nevis - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Sweden - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Switzerland - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Thailand - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Trinidad and Tobago - Prohibition based on gender or social class

United Arab Emirates - Prohibition based on gender or social class

United States of America - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Vanuatu - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Yemen - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Zimbabwe - Prohibition based on gender or social class

Albania - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Algeria - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Angola - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Argentina - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Armenia - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Australia - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Azerbaijan - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Barbados - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Belarus - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Belgium - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Belize - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Benin - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Bhutan - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Bosnia and Herzegovina - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Botswana - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Bulgaria - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Burkina Faso - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Burundi - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Cambodia - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Cameroon - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Cabo Verde - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Chile - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Colombia - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Comoros - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Democratic Republic of the Congo - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Republic of the Congo - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Costa Rica - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Cote d'Ivoire - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Croatia - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Cyprus - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Czech Republic - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Denmark - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Djibouti - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Dominica - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Dominican Republic - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Ecuador - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Egypt - Prohibition based on gender and social class

El Salvador - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Equatorial Guinea - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Eritrea - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Estonia - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Ethiopia - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Fiji - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Finland - Prohibition based on gender and social class

France - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Gabon - Prohibition based on gender and social class

The Gambia - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Georgia - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Ghana - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Greece - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Grenada - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Guatemala - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Guinea - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Guyana - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Honduras - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Hungary - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Iraq - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Japan - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Kazakhstan - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Kenya - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Kiribati - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Republic of Korea - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Kyrgyzstan - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Laos - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Latvia - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Lesotho - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Liberia - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Libya - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Lithuania - Prohibition based on gender and social class

North Macedonia - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Madagascar - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Malawi - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Maldives - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Mali - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Mauritania - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Mauritius - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Mexico - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Moldova - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Mongolia - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Montenegro - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Morocco - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Mozambique - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Namibia - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Nepal - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Nicaragua - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Niger - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Panama - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Paraguay - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Peru - Prohibition based on gender and social class

The Philippines - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Portugal - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Romania - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Russian Federation - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Rwanda - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Samoa - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Sao Tome and Principe - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Senegal - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Serbia - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Slovakia - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Slovenia - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Somalia - Prohibition based on gender and social class

South Africa - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Spain - Prohibition based on gender and social class

St. Lucia - Prohibition based on gender and social class

St. Vincent and the Grenadines - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Suriname - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Eswatini - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Syria - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Tajikistan - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Tanzania - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Timor-Leste - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Togo - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Tunisia - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Türkiye - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Turkmenistan - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Tuvalu - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Uganda - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Ukraine - Prohibition based on gender and social class

United Kingdom - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Uruguay - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Uzbekistan - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Venezuela - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Vietnam - Prohibition based on gender and social class

Zambia - Prohibition based on gender and social class