WORLD Policy Analysis Center

Skip to main content

What types of retaliation are prohibited for reporting workplace discrimination on the basis of foreign national origin?

The term “foreign national origin” includes references to ‘ancestry’, ‘citizenship or origin of parents’, ‘country or place of birth’, ‘homeland’, ‘national descent’, or ‘national origin’. For the purposes of this variable, the term “foreign national origin” captures all of these definitions.

No prohibition of workplace discrimination based on age indicates that legislation does not specifically prohibit foreign national origin-based workplace discrimination broadly, nor specifically against discrimination in hiring, promotions and/or demotions, training, pay, nor terminations. This does not mean that legislation denies this guarantee,

No prohibition of retaliation means that country legislation does explicitly prohibit at least one of these forms of foreign national origin-based workplace discrimination, but it does not at the same time pair this prohibition with an explicit prohibition of retaliatory action or dismissal for reporting workplace discrimination.

Only dismissal means that there is some prohibition of foreign national origin-based workplace discrimination, but legislation only guarantees that workers cannot be dismissed for reporting foreign national origin-based discrimination.

Harassment or disciplinary action means that legislation prohibits foreign national origin-based workplace discrimination and harassment or disciplinary action for reporting it, but not both, as well as retaliatory dismissal.

Any adverse action means that legislation prohibits foreign national origin-based workplace discrimination and guarantees that workers are protected from all forms of adverse action for reporting it.

Countries

Albania - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Antigua and Barbuda - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Austria - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Bahamas - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Bahrain - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Bangladesh - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Belize - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Benin - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Bhutan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Brunei - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Bulgaria - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Burundi - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Cambodia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Cameroon - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Canada - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Central African Republic - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Chad - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

China - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Democratic Republic of the Congo - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Czech Republic - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Egypt - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Equatorial Guinea - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Eritrea - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Estonia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Ethiopia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Germany - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Ghana - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Greenland - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Guatemala - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Haiti - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Iceland - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

India - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Indonesia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Iran - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Iraq - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Italy - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Jamaica - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Japan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Jordan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Kazakhstan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Democratic People's Republic of Korea - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Kuwait - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Kyrgyzstan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Laos - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Lebanon - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Libya - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Liechtenstein - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Lithuania - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Malawi - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Malaysia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Maldives - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Malta - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Marshall Islands - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Micronesia, Federated States of - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Monaco - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Mongolia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Myanmar - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Nauru - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Nepal - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

The Netherlands - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Nicaragua - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Nigeria - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Oman - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Pakistan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Palau - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Panama - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Papua New Guinea - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Paraguay - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

The Philippines - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Poland - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Qatar - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Romania - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Russian Federation - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

San Marino - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Saudi Arabia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Seychelles - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Singapore - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Solomon Islands - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

South Africa - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Sri Lanka - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

St. Vincent and the Grenadines - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Sudan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Switzerland - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Thailand - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Timor-Leste - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Tonga - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Tunisia - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Türkiye - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Turkmenistan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Uruguay - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Uzbekistan - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Vanuatu - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Venezuela - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Vietnam - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Yemen - No explicit prohibition of workplace discrimination based on foreign national origin

Angola - No prohibition of retaliation

Argentina - No prohibition of retaliation

Azerbaijan - No prohibition of retaliation

Belarus - No prohibition of retaliation

Brazil - No prohibition of retaliation

Cabo Verde - No prohibition of retaliation

Dominican Republic - No prohibition of retaliation

Ecuador - No prohibition of retaliation

El Salvador - No prohibition of retaliation

Finland - No prohibition of retaliation

Guinea - No prohibition of retaliation

Honduras - No prohibition of retaliation

Republic of Korea - No prohibition of retaliation

Madagascar - No prohibition of retaliation

Mali - No prohibition of retaliation

Mauritania - No prohibition of retaliation

Mexico - No prohibition of retaliation

Moldova - No prohibition of retaliation

Mozambique - No prohibition of retaliation

Peru - No prohibition of retaliation

Rwanda - No prohibition of retaliation

Samoa - No prohibition of retaliation

Somalia - No prohibition of retaliation

Spain - No prohibition of retaliation

Togo - No prohibition of retaliation

Armenia - Only dismissal

Botswana - Only dismissal

Burkina Faso - Only dismissal

Colombia - Only dismissal

Comoros - Only dismissal

Republic of the Congo - Only dismissal

Dominica - Only dismissal

Lesotho - Only dismissal

Niger - Only dismissal

South Sudan - Only dismissal

St. Kitts and Nevis - Only dismissal

Eswatini - Only dismissal

Syria - Only dismissal

United Arab Emirates - Only dismissal

Zambia - Only dismissal

Djibouti - Harassment or disciplinary action

Kenya - Harassment or disciplinary action

Morocco - Harassment or disciplinary action

Sao Tome and Principe - Harassment or disciplinary action

Senegal - Harassment or disciplinary action

Uganda - Harassment or disciplinary action

Andorra - Any adverse action

Australia - Any adverse action

Barbados - Any adverse action

Belgium - Any adverse action

Bolivia - Any adverse action

Bosnia and Herzegovina - Any adverse action

Chile - Any adverse action

Costa Rica - Any adverse action

Cote d'Ivoire - Any adverse action

Croatia - Any adverse action

Cuba - Any adverse action

Cyprus - Any adverse action

Denmark - Any adverse action

Fiji - Any adverse action

France - Any adverse action

Gabon - Any adverse action

The Gambia - Any adverse action

Georgia - Any adverse action

Greece - Any adverse action

Grenada - Any adverse action

Guinea-Bissau - Any adverse action

Guyana - Any adverse action

Hungary - Any adverse action

Ireland - Any adverse action

Israel - Any adverse action

Kiribati - Any adverse action

Latvia - Any adverse action

Liberia - Any adverse action

Luxembourg - Any adverse action

North Macedonia - Any adverse action

Mauritius - Any adverse action

Montenegro - Any adverse action

Namibia - Any adverse action

New Zealand - Any adverse action

Norway - Any adverse action

Portugal - Any adverse action

Serbia - Any adverse action

Sierra Leone - Any adverse action

Slovakia - Any adverse action

Slovenia - Any adverse action

St. Lucia - Any adverse action

Suriname - Any adverse action

Sweden - Any adverse action

Tajikistan - Any adverse action

Tanzania - Any adverse action

Trinidad and Tobago - Any adverse action

Tuvalu - Any adverse action

Ukraine - Any adverse action

United Kingdom - Any adverse action

United States of America - Any adverse action

Zimbabwe - Any adverse action